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2026№1

Microbiological monitoring of the respiratory tract in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia complicated by bronchiectasis

DOI
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2026.16.1.63-72

Domblides E.A., Chernukha M.Yu., Avetisyan L.R., Voronkova A.Yu., Kiyan T.A., Zhukhovitsky V.G., Polyakov N.B., Kuznetsova N.A., Shidlovskaya E.V., Gushchin V.A., Kondratyeva E.I.

1) N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; 2) Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia; 3) Academician N.P. Bochkov Medical Genetic Research Center, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; 4) Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; 5) I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
Objective. Analysis of the etiology and epidemiology of respiratory tract infections in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) complicated by bronchiectasis.
Materials and methods. Data from 83 patients from 37 regions of the Russian Federation with a confirmed diagnosis of PCD and a complication of bronchiectasis were analyzed. The study was conducted between 2022 and 2025. The material for the study included sputum, throat and nasal swabs. Microorganisms were identified using bacteriological methods, as well as MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis (UltrafleXtreme (Bruker Daltonics, Germany) and PCR for MRSA detection. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using the disk diffusion method, and a serial dilution method was used to determine susceptibility to a number of drugs.
Results. 36 different species and genera of clinically significant bacteria and 2 genera of fungi were isolated. Staphylococcus aureus (45.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (38.5%) were the most prevalent bacteria. Most species belonged to the group of non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (NFGB) and the order Enterobacterales. When studying the antibiotic susceptibility of P. aeruginosa, multiresistant strains were found in 51.6% of cases, and among S. aureus isolates, in 45.7%. The greatest diversity of microbes were identified in children: 28 bacterial species were isolated, compared to 22 species identified in adult patients (18 years and older). P. aeruginosa was the dominant bacteria in adults (52.3%), while S. aureus was the most common (64.1%) in children (18 years and younger). Among adolescents aged 13–17, S. aureus was isolated in 73.7% of cases, and in the subgroup of children under 12 - in 55% of cases.
Conclusion. When studying the respiratory microflora in patients with PCD and bronchiectasis, it is important to note the need for microbiological monitoring in these patients, especially those with a history of bronchiectasis.

Keywords

primary ciliary dyskinesia
bronchiectasis
bacterial lung infections
Full text (in Russian)

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About the Authors

Edward A. Domblides, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology. Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; domblides@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7835-8891
Marina Yu. Chernukha, МD, Head, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology. Ministry of Health of the Russia, Chief Researcher, Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia; chernukha@gamaleya.org; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2349-8556
Lusine R. Avetisyan, MD, Head, Laboratory of Epidemiology of Opportunistic Infections; Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections, ,N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; lusavr@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-2515
Lusine R. Avetisyan, MD, Head, Laboratory of Opportunistic Infections Epidemiology; Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology. Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; lusavr@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-2515
Anna Yu. Voronkova, Cand. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher, Scientific and Clinical Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Academician N.P. Bochkov Medical Genetic Research Center, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; voronkova111@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8183-7990
Tatiana A. Kyian, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Scientific and Clinical Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Academician N.P. Bochkov Medical Genetic Research Center, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; bogdanovatata87@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8281-1162
Vladimir G. Zhukhovitsky, Cand. Med. Sci., Head, Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; Associate Professor, Department Сlinical Laboratory Diagnostics with a Course in Laboratory Immunology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; zhukhovitsky@rambler.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-2446
Nikita B. Polyakov, Researcher, Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms,N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbioof Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; polyakovnb@gmail.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1647-5815logy, Ministry
Nadezhda A. Kuznetsova, Cand. Bio. Sci., Research Associate, Head, Laboratory of Infection Vectors, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; a-myznikova@list.ru; 0000–0001–5299–3081
Elena V. Shidlovskaya, Research Associate, Laboratory of Mechanisms of Population Variability of Pathogenic Microorganisms, N.F. Gamaleya  Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; lenitsa@gmail.com
Vladimir A. Gushchin, BD, Associate Professor, Head, Epidemiology Department; Head, Laboratory of Mechanisms of Population Variability of Pathogenic Microorganisms, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russia; Head, Department of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russia (Sechenov University). Moscow, Russia; wowaniada@yan-dex.ru; 0000–0002–9397–3762
Professor Elena I. Kondratieva, MD, Head, Scientific and Clinical Department of Cystic Fibrosis; Head, Department of Genetics of Respiratory System Diseases, Academician N.P. Bochkov Medical Genetics Research Center, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; Head of the Center, Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia;elenafpk@mail.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-0407
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