Staphylococcus spp. bacteria in the etiology of purulent-septic infections. Coagulase-negative staphylococci – new favorites and new directions in disease control
Staphylococci are ubiquitous gram-positive microorganisms. Based on their ability to coagulate mammalian blood plasma, bacteria of the Staphylococcus spp. genus are divided into two clusters: coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS), which include only one species, Staphylococcus aureus, and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), which comprise a significant number of species (over 40). Until recently, pathogenic characteristics were attributed only to S. aureus. However, since the early 1990s, information on nosocomial outbreaks associated with CoNS has become available. Representatives of this genus, like S. aureus, have recently demonstrated resistance to methicillin (oxacillin). Although most species of the Staphylococcus spp. genus are symbionts of human biotopes, their pathogenic potential has been increasing in recent years. Epidemiological monitoring of the circulation of Staphylococcus spp. bacteria in the population and the study of the mechanisms underlying their resistance to environmental factors, including hospital environments, are necessary to predict the evolution of this genus of microorganisms and determine their significance in the etiology of nosocomial purulent-septic infections in the modern world.Borisov A.M., Golubkova A.A., Tutelyan A.V., Ruzhentsova T.A.
Keywords
purulent-septic infections
staphylococci
CoPS
CoNS
MRS
pathogenicity factors
virulence
antibiotic resistance
resistance mechanisms
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About the Authors
Aleksandr M. Borisov, Postgraduate Student, G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia$; Moscow, Russia; simba.key@gmail.com; http://orcid.org/0009-0000-2272-0082Professor Alla A. Golubkova, МD, Leading Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Leading Researcher, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Moscow, Russia; allagolubkova@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-2165
Professor Aleksey V. Tutelyan, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, МD, Head, Laboratory of Healthcare-Associated Infections, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; bio-tav@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-6689
Professor Tatyana A. Ruzhentsova, МD, Head, Department of Internal Medicine, Moscow Medical University «REAVIZ», Moscow, Russia; ruzhencova@gmail.com; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-2019
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