The role of incidence monitoring in the epidemiological surveillance system for cytomegalovirus infection
Objective. Analysis of the incidence of cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) in the Russian Federation from 2012 to 2024 and determination of the contribution of statistical data to the epidemiological surveillance database for this infection.Solomay T.V., Semenenko T.A., Kulikova M.M., Akimkin V.G.
Materials and methods. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of congenital CMV and CMV disease in the Russian Federation from 2012 to 2024 was conducted based on data from statistical observation form № 2, «Information on infectious and parasitic diseases».
Results. The study identified years of increasing and decreasing incidence rates, age-specific risk groups (the highest incidence of CMV disease was recorded among children under 1 year of age, with rates declining with age, reaching their lowest in those aged 15–17 and 18 years and older), and significant uneven distribution of incidence rates between urban and rural populations, as well as across federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion. CMV incidence monitoring is an important component of the epidemiological surveillance system. However, the lack of uniform approaches to diagnosis leads to significant errors in the registration of cases of this infection and necessitates the search for additional sources of information on the epidemic process. The development and implementation of accessible and unambiguous algorithms for laboratory diagnosis of CMV disease, as well as the use of serological and molecular biological monitoring, are essential.
Keywords
cytomegalovirus infection
CMV infection
congenital CMV infection
CMV disease
incidence
risk groups
risk areas
monitoring
epidemiological surveillance
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About the Authors
Tatyana V. Solomay, MD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Epidemiological Analysis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases, I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Associate Professor, Department of Medical Preventive Disciplines with Courses in Radiation Hygiene and Radiation Medicine, Medical and Biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education, A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia; solomay@rambler.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7040-7653Professor Tatyana A. Semenenko, MD, Chief Researcher, N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russia; Professor, Department of Infectology and Virology, Institute of Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow Stat e Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russia (Sechenov University). Moscow, Russia; semenenko@gamaleya.org; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6686-9011
Marina M. Kulikova, Physician, OOO «Vega-M» Medical Center, Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region, Russia; seaweav@rambler.ru; http://orcid.org/0000‑0002‑4237‑3716
Professor Vasily G. Akimkin, Academician of the Russian Academy, MD, Director, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; vgakimkin@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044
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